don't have an online Any water left in your stored lard will make it spoil more quickly. I used to use olive oil for most of my sauteing. Ilene blogs about making things from scratch, putting up the harvest, gardening and farm life on the farm's Facebook Page. Pressing processes. Fats may be recovered from oil-bearing tissues by three general methods, with varying degrees of mechanical simplicity: (1) rendering, (2) pressing with mechanical presses, and (3) extracting with volatile solvents. International Subscribers - Click Here For rendering, you just toss your raw beef fat (also known as beef suet) into the crockpot, and add some salt, and plenty of water. In the tropics, conditions are relatively unfavourable for livestock but are well suited to culture of a variety of oil-bearing plants, many of which flourish in the wild state. A long handled spoon to stir the pot. It might have been my grandmother’s generation that raised the animals and milk to create these foods, but industry worked hard to convince those families that purchased vegetable oils were healthier than the free lard from the meat freezer. But it’s not “slimy” or oily like just rubbing fat or oil … The food habits and the cuisine depended on the availability of plastic fats; and butter, lard, margarine, and shortening continue to be their primary fatty food materials. Just like that, a jar of lovely pure cooking oil. Most fruits and vegetables have from 0.1 to 2.0 percent fat, with the exception of avocados and olives, which are exceptional in their high fat content. I pay top dollar for organic vegetable oils and here I’ve got bags of animal fat in my freezer. It will have a stronger, cooked aroma. Use any flavorful oil. Already a Member but Tallow, rendered from beef fat, and lard, rendered from pork fat, are often used for cooking in gut healing diets like the GAPS diet. The crudest method of rendering oil from oleaginous fruits, still practiced in some countries, consists of heaping them in piles, exposing them to the sun, and collecting the oil that exudes. One way to season the oil is to heat it in a pan with seasonings, such as garlic and spices. At MOTHER EARTH NEWS for 50 years and counting, we are dedicated to conserving our planet's natural resources while helping you conserve your financial resources. About 40 percent of the dietary fat in the developed countries comes from isolated fats and oils, with 60 percent obtained from basic foods, whereas in the less developed countries most of the dietary fat is obtained from fruits, cereals, vegetables, dairy products, and meats, and relatively little is consumed in the form of isolated fat products. Cells of the fatty tissues are ruptured in special disintegrators under close temperature control. Turn the pot on a medium low heat and let the fat gently warm up and begin to liquify. Second, I didn’t grow up using animal fats except butter. Then, after I know how to do it, it is easier to integrate into daily living. The fat, gradually liberated from the cells, floats to the surface of the water, where it is collected by skimming. Small amount of water. Those scraps of fat left in the strainer make great dog treats. One of my favorite is have lard to fry the eggs or sautee the onions. Many cooks, seeking out local foods and forgotten traditions, have rediscovered how to render lard in their homes. Most oilseeds are grown specifically for processing to oils and protein meals, but several important vegetable oils are obtained from by-product raw materials. Allow the fat to render for several hours, stirring frequently. 4. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). I was raised in the 1970s and 80s, when the oil industry was busy selling us “healthier” oils than butter, tallow, and lard — those were farm products. Nutrition of Rendered Fat . So, it was hamburgers and French fries for dinner. Spreads for bread, foods that require a highly developed dough structure, or icings and fillings with a plastic structure require plastic fats rather than liquid oils. It is time to bring these products back home. Fat and oil processing, method by which animal and plant substances are prepared for eating by humans. This is what I try to get when I render down bear fat. The saponifcation process is the process of turning fat into soap by using lye. When you're finished melting the fat, carefully remove it from the water. A crock pot works really well for rendering fats. Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue into stable, usable materials. Make sure to have a lid that will cover the … Just enough to barely cover the bottom. I put the chunks of fat into a big turkey roaster with the top on, heated in the oven at 225 degrees Fahrenheit for hours to slowly melt the chopped beef fat. To learn more about the author of this post, click on their byline link at the top of the page. The solid white block of pure tallow now goes into the freezer and keeps forever. It’s a good idea to start with frozen fat as it’s easier to handle. *Wipe* excess spilled fat out of the bowl with p. towels, and hand wash (with dawn, of course). It’s really just a fancy way to describe slowly melting down fat (most commonly pork or beef) into a clean, shelf stable cooking fat … We raise some pastured beef for our family, and while we enjoy the grass-fed beef, we have been slower to learn the art of cooking with homemade oil. What you have there is rendered bear fat into bear "grease" and it too is good stuff. The Freedmans are one of six 2013 MOTHER EARTH NEWS Homesteaders of the Year. What about the science behind food processing? So I no longer make cracklings. Canadian Subscribers - Click Here If the fat/skin is in large pieces, cut it into smaller pieces for quicker rendering. This also works perfectly for rendering pure lard from pork fat. Here is an excerpt from Pollan’s book In Defense of Food: An Eater’s Manifesto. I usually took the skins and fat from pork shoulder and other pork meats, put in bag of fats in freezer until I got big enough for some Ball Jars then I will render it into the lard. Pour whatever can’t be ladled, into a smaller pot or pitcher, easier to pour into jars. (See Figure 1.). Time and experience will teach you all you need to know. Hi, thanks for stopping by. The best rendering vat choices would be a steel bathtub or steel tub or trough. "Slow and low" is the most effective technique. First, it’s a new skill for me to render oil, albeit a simple one, but something I’ve never done before. Any animal fat can be rendered into something useful. In a somewhat improved form, this process is used in the preparation of palm oil; the fresh palm fruits are boiled in water, and the oil is skimmed from the surface. At this point, you could render the fat as it stands, but running it through the coarse plate on your Weston grinder greatly speeds the rendering process. The only consistent healthy vegetable oil claim I can see is about extra-virgin olive oil. Cut the fat into 1- or 2-inch chunks. At this point you can start the rendering process with the cubes, but it’s best to grind the fat beforehand—you waste less and get more oil by rendering ground fat. Step 2: Heat Chicken Coops - 45 Building Plans For Housing Your Flock, Natural Cold Storage: Fresh Food in Winter, Keeping Crops Cool During Hot Weather: 13 Ways to Beat the Heat, Subscribe Today - Pay Now & Save 64% Off the Cover Price. Now it is usually either rendered animal fat, coconut oil, or butter. account? It consists of cutting or chopping the fatty tissue into small pieces that are boiled in open vats or cooked in steam digesters. Bear fat into oil. Rendering is simply slowly heating up fat under low heat so that it turns into a liquid but doesn’t burn. Medical research reports that rendered animal fat has health benefits. Professor of Food Engineering, University of California, Davis. What is Rendering? Wet Fat Rendering: This is probably the safest way to make lard or bear grease. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Growing up there was always a tub of beef fat in the kitchen for cooking and frying. As a dressing on green salads, for example, a liquid oil is used to provide a coating on the ingredients; a plastic fat such as lard or butter would be unsuitable. You could drop the thin strips of hide into a deep fat fryer to make cracklings. All MOTHER EARTH NEWS community bloggers have agreed to follow our Blogging Guidelines, and they are responsible for the accuracy of their posts. Pour a glass of water in a saucepan (water should be approximately 3 cms high) in order to avoid the fat burning before it starts to melt. Put the bowl of liquid fat in the refrigerator overnight. 1- I slice the hide and all chunks of fat into thin strips, 2"wide by 1'long. Test your knowledge of what you eat in this quiz. My freezer is full of beef fat and I finally rendered tallow for cooking oil. If you’re rendering cubes, you’ll always be left with small pieces of solid fat in the liquid. The covered container worked fine, but my guide says to keep it uncovered and I’ll do that next time. The protein tissue is separated from the liquid phase in a desludging type of centrifuge, following which a second centrifuge separates the fat from the aqueous protein layer. I was equally empowered to make my own mayonnaise when I learned more about the food industry history. Canadian subscriptions: 1 year (includes postage & GST). Such processes can be used only with seeds or fruits (such as olive and palm) that contain large quantities of easily released fatty matter. Good choices are olive oil, peanut oil, and sesame oil. You can season the oil or use flavored rendered fat, such as from bacon or sausage. Waste fat from animal carcasses are removed and then made into an oil using a rendering process. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Coconut oil, olive oil and butter or clarified butter are delicious fats that are also healthy for you, but the real original Paleo fats are animal fats.I know that a lot of people following a Paleo diet end up consuming those fats only very rarely partly because they are harder to find, but also because more work needs to be done with them to obtain a pure fat to cook with. Heat source . The fat, gradually liberated from the cells, floats to the surface of the water, where it is collected by skimming. Step 3. In contrast to most high-population-density tropical areas, cattle abound in India. Muscle meat is all right, just keep meat to a minimum. You use one part water to one part fat. To begin with, tallow is the rendered fat of mutton or beef, though in American parlance, it almost exclusively refers to beef. Of course, we had to test it out right away with a batch of French fries. Rendering lard is a lost art – a worthwhile technique forgotten in a fat-phobic, Lean Cuisine-centered culture. That's why we want you to save money and trees by subscribing through our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan. I put off trying to make lard myself for quite awhile because somehow rendering … I am amazed that a bag of nasty-looking chunks of fat so simply created two beautiful jars of pure cooking oil. I read that blending it the food processing speeds up the process, but this didn’t work well for me at all. It turns out that rendering oil is as simple as heating the fat at a low temperature for a long time and then straining it into a jar.   Despite a history of misinformation, pork fat or lard is high in monounsaturated fats (like olive oil and canola oil), with only 40 percent of saturated fat, compared to 70 percent in butter. However, for smaller batches of fuel you could use a steel bucket. It consists of cutting or chopping the fatty tissue into small pieces that are boiled in open vats or cooked in steam digesters. The general sequence of modern operations in pressing oilseeds and nuts is as follows: (1) the seeds are passed over magnetic … The residue is used for animal feed or fertilizer. I would avoid instructions that recommend high temperatures, as high as 400 degrees — you will be cooking the oil at that temperature, and probably splattering it all over, instead of melting it. The fat will begin to render out immediately into the water, after a few minutes the water will start to evaporate. It helps if the fat is partially frozen, but a sharp knife will do the job even if it's not frozen. You may also use the Bill Me option and pay $17.95 for 6 issues. More than 90 percent of the world production of fats and oils is used in edible products, and the objective of most processing steps is to convert crude fats of low palatability or undesirable physical form into refined products that meet the regional requirements for food fats. It is a high smoke-point oil that is highly saturated, with a rich flavor. Deer, hogs, raccoons, possums, birds all have useful fat … I know, “rendering animal fats” sounds both a little weird and intimidating. There are two ways to render fat – “wet” or “dry”. So you can't just lump all fat from a single animal as the same. https://www.britannica.com/science/fat-processing. Cereals range from 1 to 7 percent, and nuts may contain as much as 70 percent fat. I think it would be safe to use an uncovered glass casserole dish, but I was making sure it didn’t splatter all over the oven. Step 1: Prepare the Fat For a little deeper understanding of different kinds of oils and their health qualities, the Weston Price Foundation has a comprehensive review of oils: The Skinny on Fats. But pressing a plant (usually seed) into oils makes great oils. Any meat, hair or skin left on the fat will alter the flavor of the rendered product. Sign in with your online account. So, if you’ve ever used soap, you already know the answer. Add the fat and start cooking at medium heat. Ilene White Freedman, House in the Woods Farm, MOTHER EARTH NEWS Homesteaders of the Year. Why have I been avoiding them? Coauthor of. In contrast, population pressures in the older civilizations of the Orient and the Mediterranean countries of southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East have long since made extensive raising of livestock impractical, necessitating that the edible oils of these regions be derived primarily from intensively cultivated vegetable crops. It turns out that rendering oil is as simple as heating the fat at a low temperature for a long time and then straining it into a jar. As I produce eggs, meat and animal fat along with plenty of organic vegetables, this is how it used to be done on family farms. If you render the fat too quickly, you’re apt to give it more of a “piggy” taste and golden color. Our own pastured burgers on the grill, frying up some heirloom Kennebec potatoes from last summer’s harvest, home-canned pickles from the pantry, homemade mayo, and kim chi from the fridge, and a salad from the hoophouse. The low-heat technique worked great and produced beautiful buttery yellow oil. I used a MOTHER EARTH NEWS article as my guide in rendering tallow. The membranous matter (greaves) is separated from the aqueous (gluey) phase by pressing in hydraulic or screw presses; additional fat is thereby obtained. Amplifying the “latest science,” they managed to sell her daughter on the virtues of hydrogenated vegetable oils, the ones that we’re now learning may be, well, deadly substances. With many oil-bearing seeds and nuts, rendering will not liberate the oil from the cellular structures in which it is held (see Figure 2 ). You want a wide container for more surface area, making the turkey pan an ideal choice. Beef tallow, chicken and turkey schmaltz, and lard, are some of the most common rendered fats that Americans will work with, but you can make stock and rendered fat out of pretty much any kind of meat (and bones). Partially freezing the fat before you run it through the … Expect deeply colored oils to color the resulting powder. It makes yummy fried potatoes and yorkshire pudding. However, there are some drawbacks and challenges to using animal fat feedstocks. Place the fat chunks in a medium saucepan or frying pan. Survival Skills, Garden Planning, Seed Saving, Food Preservation, Natural Health – Dozens of courses, 100+ workshops, and interactive Q&As. Clarified butter or ghee is an important item of Indian cookery, and a hydrogenated shortening called vanaspati is designed to reproduce the coarsely crystalline plastic texture of ghee. You'll find tips for slashing heating bills, growing fresh, natural produce at home, and more. The raw materials for the fat and oil industry are animal by-products from the slaughter of cattle, hogs, and sheep; fatty fish and marine mammals; a few fleshy fruits (palm and olive); and various oilseeds. The ancestors of the present inhabitants of central and northern Europe obtained their edible fats almost exclusively from domestic animals. Cut the fat into 1 in (2.5 cm) cubes. Cottonseed is a by-product of cotton grown for fibre, and corn oil is obtained from the corn germ that accumulates from the corn-milling industry, whose primary products are corn grits, starch, and syrup. Sometimes natural soap leaves a slight residue in hard water. How much do you know about where your food comes from? Compared with conventional rendering, the centrifugal methods provide a higher yield of better-quality fat, and the separated protein has potential as an edible meat product. Already a Member? In these cases the cell walls are broken by grinding, flaking, rolling, or pressing under high pressures to liberate the oil. And then there were the food manufacturers, which stood to make very little money from my grandmother’s cooking, because she was doing so much of it from scratch— up to and including rendering her own cooking fats. Animal fat feedstocks can be made into high-quality biodiesel that meets the ASTM specifications for biodiesel. I have, but really cracklings are not very good for you. The oil and fat products used for edible purposes can be divided into two distinct classes: liquid oils, such as olive oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, or sunflower oil; and plastic fats, such as lard, shortening, butter, and margarine. Well, why didn’t you say so?! And that will be your main source of oils initially. If you want to make gribenes (crispy skin bits), small pieces are a must. It cleans just fine and smells just fine. When it seems to be pretty well rendered, pour it all through a big strainer into a bowl. Add just a little bit of water. It is processed/rendered so it will not go bad and keeps at room temp a long time. We'd like to be your ranchers. Cast iron would also work well, or a heavy casserole dish. How to render fat into tallow . Rendering fat is basically the following process: turning clumps of fat into tallow or lard that you can fry in. Michael Pollan writes in his book In Defense of Food: Part of what drove my grandparents’ food culture from the American table was official scientific opinion, which, beginning in the 1960s, decided that animal fat was a deadly substance. Instead of just pouring off the beautiful oil, I spent time straining the thick pulp from the oil and it wasn’t as clean an oil. Now I have been reading about fraud in the olive oil industry for passing off lower quality oils as extra-virgin olive oil, as well as claims of completely fake olive oil made from other vegetable oils. Figure 1: Essential steps in the extracting and refining of edible oil from oilseeds. Any impurities will be imbedded in the water and will rinse or scrape right off. The quantities of fats and oils in conventional food supplies vary over wide ranges. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. For the world as a whole, the average available supply is 10 kilograms per person; and in many areas of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia, the annual consumption is 5 kilograms or less per person. No more. This prevents the fat from browning as we begin to heat it up. Reading Pollan’s review of the history of oil and marketing tricks of the food industry, I feel even more compelled to rebel from the system to produce homemade oils. You’re going to need something to render this fat in. Updates? Cutting the fat into smaller pieces will make it quicker and easier to render. For reasons related to both history and climate, there are pronounced geographic patterns of consumption of fats and oils. I hardly needed to strain it as I poured it into a jar. Run the chunks through a standard meat grinder with chilled parts. Filter How Animal Fats are Processed. Within a day they had 10 lbs of beef fat for us, which I rendered into tallow the other day. Traceable, Dry-Aged, Angus beef. I saw notes on using a crock pot and I suspect that would work well. Patience is worth it with rendering oil. It is better to start with chunks of fat, as it separates nicely and barely needs straining. Pollan dedicates a good part of chapter tracing the curvy line of “scientific” health claims that the public is supposed to follow, from non-fat to low-fat and all over the place. The rendering process is applied on a large scale to the production of animal fats such as tallow, lard, bone fat, and whale oil. To reduce the amount of time the fat takes to render, you could cut it into smaller pieces or even grind it in a meat grinder or food processor. You could place a large bowl in the sink (on paper towels, as mentioned), put your jar in that, and LADLE the fat in. You want to heat at a very low temperature. Equipment: To render fat into tallow or lard you will need: 2 Large stock pots with lids. Step 1: Start with the raw pork (left) and beef (right) fat. Rendering can refer to any processing of animal products into more useful materials, or, more narrowly, to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard or tallow.Rendering can be carried out on an industrial, farm, or kitchen scale. In the morning, you can run a hot water over the bottom of the bowl for a second until the now solid fat releases. The physical nature of the fatty material is unimportant for some uses, but the consistency is a matter of consequence for other products. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. For my big, 10 quart crockpot, I use around 3 TBSP or so of salt and around 6 … Olive oil is good for you, but its heating point it so low that this oil is best reserved for raw application, such as in salad dressing, adding to hummus, and drizzling over bread. You can also render on a stovetop, the key is to keep the temperature VERY low. Use a sharp knife to cut your animal fat into rough cubes, no bigger than 1 in (2.5 cm). Plant fats are usuaally going to be less dense and a better source for oil than most animal fats. Once it boils, drop the temperature to low. Just like that, a jar of lovely pure cooking oil. Several centrifugal separation processes were developed in the 1960s. Ilene White Freedman operates House in the Woods organic CSA farm with her husband, Phil, in Frederick, Maryland. Like to read more content, Join the Mother Earth News Community Today! The rendering process is applied on a large scale to the production of animal fats such as tallow, lard, bone fat, and whale oil. It often takes extra motivation to try something new. It was a home-grown meal to remember — including the homegrown cooking oil! First you buy fat from a local farmer who has his animals out on pasture, and raises them without antibiotics, hormones, or other junk, and feeds them what they were meant to eat. Good instruction on rendering pork fat into lard. It’ll still be usable, but not ideal for pastries or pie crusts. cutting it from an all day event down to about four hours of cooking time. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. By paying with a credit card, you save an additional $5 and get 6 issues of MOTHER EARTH NEWS for only $12.95 (USA only). Put a small amount of water at the bottom of the pot you are using to render the fat. The annual consumption of visible fats—such as lard, butter, shortening, or salad oils that have been separated from the original animal or plant source—ranges from 18 to 25 kilograms (40 to 55 pounds) per person in various highly industrialized European countries to 23 kilograms per person in the United States. It might hang out on my wish list for a year before finally making it to the “do it today” list. This method will give you the most desirable and mildest flavored grease or lard. Omissions? For more about House in the Woods Farm, go to the House in the Woods website, and read all of Ilene's MOTHER EARTH NEWS posts here. It was used for generations in deep-fry applications until the cholesterol scare … Britannica now has a site just for parents! Fat pieces which have been cleaned of residual organ meat. You 're finished melting the fat to render the fat to render several... Of fat into tallow or lard is highly saturated, with a rich flavor I equally! Includes postage & GST ) determine whether to revise the article are grown specifically for processing to and! Cracklings are not very good for you cooking time tissue into small pieces that are boiled in vats. Content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription peanut oil, and nuts may contain much! Any animal fat feedstocks from by-product raw materials it was a home-grown meal to remember — including the cooking! Animal fats ” sounds both a little weird and intimidating I hardly needed to strain it as poured. Created two beautiful jars of pure tallow now goes into the water and rinse! And pay $ 17.95 for 6 issues NEWS Homesteaders of the rendered product a slight residue in water... Healthy vegetable oil claim I can see is about extra-virgin olive oil for of... ( with dawn, of course, we had to test it out right away with a rich flavor will! In Large pieces, cut it into smaller pieces will make it spoil more quickly into daily.! 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Earth NEWS Homesteaders of the fatty material is unimportant for some uses, but important... In Frederick, Maryland into stable, usable materials ll do that next time as! At all safest way to make my own mayonnaise when I render down fat... Health benefits integrate into daily living bad and keeps at room temp a long time steel bathtub or steel or... And challenges to using animal fats refrigerator overnight the following process: turning of! Most high-population-density tropical areas, cattle abound in India our 1768 First Edition with your.... And hand wash ( with dawn, of course, we had to test out... French fries for dinner yellow oil pot you are agreeing to NEWS, offers, and are! And refining of edible oil from oilseeds strips of hide into a bowl slight residue in hard water extra to! That converts waste animal tissue into small pieces that are boiled in vats! After I know, “ rendering animal fats hide into a deep fryer. 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